The Scottish Straight or Scottish Straight is a type of Scottish breed. Translated from English, scottish straight literally sounds like “Scottish straight”. Cats are distinguished by plush fur and erect ears. Felinologists distinguish four varieties of Scottish cats: Scottish Straight, Scottish Fall, Highland Straight and Highland Fold. Highland means "semi-longhair".
In this article we will talk about the amazingly beautiful, narcissistic, intelligent and self-sufficient representatives of the Scottish Straight breed.
History of the Scottish Straight breed
The Scottish Straight breed is the same as the Scottish Fold, only with a modified structure of the auricle. Simply put, folds are lop-eared, straights are straight-eared, without a characteristic crease. This is the only exterior feature that distinguishes straights from folds.
The Scottish Shorthair cat is considered the youngest breed. The first kitten with flattened ears appeared in Scotland on one of the farms in the 60s. The ancestor of the Scottish cat had no pedigree and was an ordinary cat that chased rodents around barns.
According to official data, the first breeder of the breed was William Ross, a peasant who took into care a kitten from a fold-eared cat. Later, breeders joined the breeding process. Experts noticed an interesting feature: kittens with straight ears periodically appeared in litters of purebred Scottish cats. They were in no hurry to separate them into a separate breed, since they considered straight ears to be a defect, and such kittens were not popular. However, nature itself entered the arena.
Soon, breeders noticed that attempts to consolidate lop ears as a breed trait led to a deterioration in the health of the animals. The gene that is responsible for flattened ears inhibits the function of the bone apparatus, which has led to thickening of the bones and osteochondrodysplasia. The breeders decided to look for “fresh blood” in order to reduce the number of genetic pathologies.
Using the outcrossing method, breeders found that the healthiest offspring are obtained from crossing a Fold female and a Straight male. It was this discovery that drew the attention of felinologists to the straight-eared Scots. In 2004, the Scottish Straight breed was officially recognized by members of the World Cat Federation, which in turn fueled interest in straight-eared cats. The official breed code is SFS71.
Interesting. Scottish cats love to stand on their hind legs, like gophers, looking at something interesting. Another favorite pose of these wonderful purrs is sitting on the sofa or near the wall, with their front legs folded over their belly and their hind legs spread out.
Price
The cost of a kitten depends on a number of factors - primarily pedigree, necessary documents, hereditary diseases and habits. There are several classes of pedigree kittens.
- Show class is the elite of this breed. Parents participated in exhibitions and received awards. The cost of such a copy is from 1200 to 2500 euros.
- Breeds are proven healthy babies with a decent pedigree and documents. Allowed for exhibitions. The price ranges from 500 to 1000 euros.
- Pets are purebred pets that were disqualified from participation in exhibitions for minor reasons and are not allowed to breed. This is the best choice if you just want to have a furry pet at home and don’t need a show piece. The average price for a Scottish Fold in this category in nurseries ranges from 100 to 500 euros.
It is advisable to choose well-known nurseries and trusted breeders. Do not try to buy on sales sites, although the cost there may be lower. You must receive a guarantee of purebredness and health. Even if it's a little more expensive. There are nurseries in Russia that breed these cats. For example, in Moscow Ermine Trace.
Description and breed standard
Scottish Straights are often confused with the British, although the former are significantly smaller than their relatives from foggy England. The average weight of straights is 3-3.5 kg.
The head according to the WCF standard must be round. The forehead and cheeks are convex. Males have larger cheekbones and cheeks than females. The chin is rounded, firm, but not protruding. The whisker pads are oval and convex.
The nose is short and wide, slightly flattened, has a slight deflection and a pronounced base with almost no stop.
The eyes are round, expressive, large, widely spaced. The gaze is open, inquisitive. The color of the iris depends on the color of the coat. The most common eye shade is amber or orange.
The ears are small, erect, wide at the base. The tips are rounded and directed forward. The outer part is covered with thick short fur, the inner part is decorated with lush brushes of hard hairs that extend beyond the ear.
The neck is short and muscular, but not as massive as that of the British.
The body is long, wide, muscular, and tends to be rectangular in shape. The silhouette is soft, rounded.
The limbs are proportional to the body, of moderate length, strong, muscular. O-shaped or X-shaped deformation of the hind legs is not allowed.
Paws are oval-shaped with tightly clasped toes.
The tail can be long or moderate in length. Movable, reaches the middle of the shoulder blades.
The coat is short or semi-long, double, plush with a thick undercoat. The texture and thickness of the fur varies depending on the time of year and the color of the animal.
Exterior defects and disqualifying defects:
- semi-erect, overly wide ears with posture like the British;
- flattened forehead;
- pronounced stop;
- long limbs;
- small, oval eyes;
- short, sedentary tail with creases;
- cryptorchidism;
- twisted fingers.
Nurseries
The Scottish Fold is one of the most popular breeds, including among breeders. Therefore, there are enough nurseries where you can buy a fold-eared kitten.
Moscow:
- Shen-Alin, shen-alin.jimdo.com
- Lovely LapaTan, lapatan.ru
- Anthology, scottish-cat.com
- SuperFold, superfold.ru
- Mikaella, brimik.ru
Nurseries are registered in the WCF system.
Saint Petersburg:
- INTENSITY, s-fold.ru LifeJoy, lifejoycat.ru
- SNOW CITY, snow-city.ru
- STYLE JASMINE, style-jasmine.ru
Colors
Felinologists identify the basic colors of the Scottish Straight cat:
- black;
- blue;
- chocolate;
- lilac;
- cinnamon (milk chocolate);
- fawn (light cinnamon);
- cream;
- red.
The main background may contain various patterns: brindle, spotted, marble. In addition, there are variations with white colors: medallion, bicolor, harlequin, van, exclusively white. Cats of colors with silver look great: smoky or silver drawn, shaded, chinchilla.
There are a group of golden colors: ticked, shaded, golden chinchilla. There are also straight point colors with all sorts of variations in shades and patterns.
The group of tortoiseshell Scots is not inferior in number. Often there are cats of patchwork, solid, painted colors, as well as calico.
Plain (solid)
Solid colors are characterized by monotony. There are no patterns, markings or ticking on the coat.
Varieties:
- Dazzling white. The iris is amber, blue. The nose and paw pads are pink.
- Pure black. The iris is amber, the nose and paws are dark, blending in with the fur.
- Blue with dark gray edge. Amber iris. The nose and paws are gray.
- Lilac - the coat is light gray, transitioning to cream. Amber iris. The nose and paws match the color.
- Red with a fiery edge. The iris is amber, the nose and paws are the same color as the fur.
- Cream - light peach colored coat. The iris is golden. The nose and paw pads are pink.
- Cinnamon is a cinnamon color, reminiscent of milk chocolate. The nose and paw pads are pink-brown.
Bicolors (two-color)
Varieties:
- Bicolor is a combination of basic white with blue, black, cream, and red. The muzzle, belly, legs and thighs are light, without inclusions. Eyes are golden or blue. Heterochromia - different colored eyes - is also common.
- Van - the main color is white, but there are dark markings on the tail and head. The iris is golden or blue. Heterochromia is characteristic.
- Harlequin has a white edge and only 1/5 of the fur is colored.
Color point
There are no patterns on the body, which is why it contrasts with dark blotches on the muzzle, paws and tail.
Varieties:
- blue point (white with light blue);
- seal point (cream with dark brown);
- lilac point (white with lilac);
- Choclet point (white with brown);
- cream point (light cream with cream);
- tortoiseshell with red or cream spots;
- tabby point (striped pattern).
Reference. Pointed cats are born with a gene that causes hairs on parts of the body such as the face, paws, tail and ears to darken when body temperature is low. In these places there is weaker blood circulation, which is why the color is darker.
Scots have a color-point sky blue iris.
Tortoiseshells
There are fire and peach markings on a mostly black background. The iris is copper. The nose and paws are pink or black.
Smoky
Representatives of the smoky color have a white undercoat. The iris is golden.
Varieties:
- Black. The tips of the hairs are black, the bulbs are white. The nose and pads match the color.
- Blue. White undercoat, edge with a coolish gray coating. The nose and paws are in the same color scheme.
- Cameo. Snow-white undercoat, guard hairs with a fiery tint. The nose, paws and eyeliner are pink.
Tabby
Representatives of the tabby breed have a distinctive feature - a mark on the forehead in the shape of the letter M. There are narrow stripes on the tail and limbs, smoothly turning into marble patterns and narrow stripes on the neck and body of the animal. The drawing is bright and contrasting. The eyes and nose are lined dark.
Varieties:
- Striped or brindle - a clear pattern of narrow stripes. There is a pattern on the neck in the form of a collar, the tail is striped. There are stripes across the body, along the back line, in the withers area, which are combined into a pattern reminiscent of a saddle.
- Spotted tabby - marks of different shapes and sizes with clear contours are visible on the body. Along the spine, the spots merge into a line that stretches from head to tail. The belly is painted with small spots.
- Classic tabby or marbled - the body is covered with irregularly shaped patterns of various colors, reminiscent of stains on marble.
- Fire tabby (fawn or red) - a bright red, clear pattern of spots and stripes on a light background is visible on the body. The eyes are golden, the nose is pink-orange, and the paw pads are brick-colored.
- Blue tabby - a clear pattern of dark spots and stripes is visible on a cool gray background. The iris is golden or sky blue. The nose and paw pads are pink.
- Brown tabby - black patterns on a beige background. The eyes and nose are dark in color, the pads are dark beige, almost black.
- Cream tabby - dark, slightly blurry patterns of streaks and stripes are visible on a light peach coat. The eyes are golden, the nose and paw pads are pink.
- Silver tabby - on a silver background you can see a black pattern of stripes turning into spots. The iris is light beige or green. The nose is pink-beige, the pads are dark.
Chinchilla
Varieties:
- Silver - white undercoat, guard hairs covered with gray. There may be blurry stripes on the tail. The tips of the ears, chin and belly are white. The iris is green, the nose is beige. The eyes, nose and lips are lined in black. The paw pads are also black.
- Red or Shell Cameo - snow-white undercoat, the fur on the body and paws is tucked in red, the chin, tips of the ears and belly are white. The iris is golden, the nose is brick-colored, and the paw pads are pink.
ticked
Ticking cats have hairs that are unevenly colored in three colors. On each hair, zones of different colors alternate across in the form of rings without traces of a pattern. This way unique shades are created. It seems that the wool shimmers in different colors. The iris is of all shades of gold; in cats with silver ticking it is green.
Shaded
Such cats have an almost white undercoat, and the tips are whitish. The edge is trimmed in any color, the chin and belly are always light.
Varieties:
- Golden - Light peach goes well with golden fur. The iris is green, the paw pads and nose are dark chocolate.
- Silver - snow-white undercoat, the tips of the hairs are dark gray. The eyes are green and lined with black. The nose is brick, the pads are dark.
- Red or cameo - the undercoat is white, the tips of the hairs are dark red. The muzzle and chin, belly and underside of the tail are light. Amber iris. The nose, eyeliner and paw pads are pink.
Nutrition
You can choose natural food for feeding - boiled lean meat (chicken, beef), as well as raw meat (kittens need to be finely chopped or given minced meat), chicken and beef offal (for dark breeds), boiled sea fish, boiled egg yolk, cottage cheese , kefir and other lactic acid products, cereal porridges, sprouted grains of oats and wheat.
Add vitamins, minerals, calcium and stomach hair removal paste. Sometimes give your cat brewer's yeast, dried kelp, fruits or vegetables. These are sources of vitamins and fiber. You can feed them with ready-made premium food or on a natural basis. Don't forget about clean drinking water.
Personality of the Scottish Straight cat
The Scots are similar in character to the British. These are calm, balanced cats that are difficult to anger. However, among them there are also restless ones who are ready to chase a fly all day. But in most cases, Scottish cats prefer to snore peacefully in a secluded corner rather than rush around the apartment.
The Scottish Straight is a proud and serious cat that does not tolerate total control from its owner. Don't expect that you will allow yourself to be squeezed or held on your lap. The cat will come to you for a portion of veal tenderness whenever he wishes. It is worth noting that the Scots are by no means hermits, they simply require a little more personal space compared to representatives of other breeds and do not like it when people interfere in their cat’s affairs.
The peak activity of Scottish cats is observed in the first year of their life. Kittens are restless and playful to a fault, and adult male cats are known for their exemplary behavior and restraint.
Straits easily tolerate loneliness, but only for a short time. They will most likely even be glad that the owners left the house for a few hours and left them alone. However, prolonged separation from humans negatively affects the character of these cats. They become capricious and grumpy, and may even take revenge for the long absence of their owners. Some owners tell how their purrs suddenly begin to shit past the tray or rummage in flower pots, although they previously demonstrated exemplary behavior.
Straight-eared Scottish cats, in moments of special tenderness for their owner, turn on their soothing quiet motor and massage with their paws, burying their nose in the neck area. At the same time, it is impossible to predict in advance when a cat will bestow this mercy on a person. Moreover, they do this not with all family members, but only with those whom they love and respect. Most likely, such a favorite will be the one who feeds the “Scottish king” on time, does not scold him, allows him to sleep in the bed and does not bother him over trifles.
Scottish cats welcome strangers and guests generously - without aggression or unnecessary suspicion, but they also do not demonstrate violent delight.
Scottish Straight cats are emotionally stable animals that are not subject to mood swings. However, behavior in the style of “the most disgruntled cat in the world” occasionally slips through. In addition, representatives of the breed are characterized by amazing persistence. If they want something, they will definitely achieve it. The cat will follow the owner wherever he goes and accompany him with annoying meows.
The Scots do not try to pull the blanket over themselves when it comes to the distribution of roles between other pets. Cats are loyal to dogs, to their relatives, and to small rodents.
Representatives of the breed easily learn the rules of etiquette. They clearly understand that wallpaper and sofa upholstery cannot be torn if the owner has forbidden it, and they feel a person’s dissatisfaction subtly. Cats are quite stress-resistant and quickly cope with changes in environment.
Many Scots are extremely passive. They prefer to watch what is happening from the side, for example, sitting on a sunny windowsill. Sometimes it seems that they are immersed in their thoughts and do not notice what is happening under their noses.
Favorite toy: feather teaser. Cats can chase such a treasure for hours.
Interesting. Scottish cats need tactile contact with a person, but at the same time they do not like to be picked up.
Training and education
There are almost no problems with raising Scottish cats. It is not difficult to accustom a Straight to a scratching post and a tray; the main thing is to start from infancy and act gently but persistently. Often, it is enough to take the baby to the tray several times for him to understand where to relieve his physiological needs. If your kitten makes a puddle on the floor, take a piece of toilet paper and place it in the litter tray. The baby will smell his own urine and understand where to go.
You can’t poke a prankster into a puddle, much less beat him. This behavior of the owner will cause aggression and a desire to do mischief out of spite. But this kitten will hide safely.
Experts do not advise training straights, they do not like it, especially since unquestioning obedience is not in their character. Show-class individuals can master the training program. In the future, they will be able to demonstrate their skills at exhibitions.
If a cat violates the boundaries of what is permitted, stop it with the command “No!” Say it in a loud and stern voice.
If the baby does not obey, lift him by the withers and imitate a cat hissing. The kitten will understand this language faster.
If your pet tries to steal food from the stove or table, clap your hands loudly to scare it away.
If your cat gets into the habit of digging in pots or chewing flowers, spray him with water from a spray bottle.
Don't scold or praise your pet after the fact. Despite his developed intelligence, he is not able to connect yesterday's exemplary behavior and today's encouragement.
Sharpen your claws only on a scratching post
Claws are an important attribute of any cat. With their help, the animal climbs trees and other surfaces, and also uses them as a means of defense. Sharpening claws, doing a kind of manicure, is a natural need for a pet. Unknowingly, cats begin to tear up everything that gets in their way: furniture, carpets, wallpaper. To avoid this, you need to accustom your pet to order. Every time a cat starts sharpening its claws in an inappropriate place, immediately pick up the animal and bring it to the scratching post. This needs to be repeated several times. Gradually, the animal learns to sharpen its claws where it is needed.
Maintenance and care of the Scottish Straight cat
Scottish straight are typical domestic cats. Walking in the yard is just entertainment for them, which they can do without. In everyday life, Scottish dogs are unpretentious and rarely cause trouble. The owner’s task is to take him for routine checkups to the veterinarian, vaccinate him, and feed him high-quality natural products or dry food.
The Scots are very clean, they carefully look after their fur and can do without bathing. Bathing procedures can be carried out in case of severe contamination, or when you feel that the cat’s fur coat smells unpleasant. For bathing, use shampoo from a veterinary pharmacy. At the end of the procedure, you can apply a balm.
Representatives of the show class are looked after more carefully. 2-3 months before the start of the exhibition, the pet is washed every day to remove dead skin particles and accelerate hair growth. First apply a degreasing paste to the hair, and then a texturizing conditioner.
Scottish cats are brushed once a week. The ideal weapon is the furminator. The claws are trimmed with a nail clipper as they grow. Discharge that accumulates in the corners of the eyes is removed with a damp cotton pad. The ears are examined once a week and wiped with a damp cloth.
Nutrition
It is recommended to feed Scottish Straight cats lean meat, offal, boiled sea fish, cottage cheese, yoghurt, fermented baked milk, and egg yolk once a week. Your pet's diet should include vegetables (preferably cheeses), rice, oats, and herbs.
You should not give cats fatty meat, potatoes, beans, bones, sweets, flour products, onions and garlic, bony river fish, oranges, raw chicken eggs (quail eggs can be used), and mushrooms.
Natural Straits are additionally given vitamin and mineral complexes to maintain the health of the musculoskeletal system and the body as a whole.
If you don’t want to bother with feeding straights, choose dry food from the premium, super-premium and holistic segments. Ideally, feed should contain at least 26% protein and no more than 9% fat. They should not contain corn, soy, potatoes or wheat. These foods cause allergic reactions in cats.
Feeding scheme:
- 3 months - six meals a day;
- 6 months - five times;
- 9 months - four times;
- From 12 months - 2-3 meals.
Health and how long they live
Scots are generally healthy animals, without obvious genetic pathologies and hereditary diseases. The average life expectancy is 15-20 years. They rarely suffer from infectious diseases. Problems with the digestive and genitourinary system in animals arise due to improper nutrition.
Health
Scottish Folds suffer from a large number of genetic diseases, which is why they often suffer from serious incurable diseases. Healthy pets are very hardy and have strong immunity.
Breeding
Sexual maturity in Scottish beauties occurs at 8-10 months, but the first mating is carried out no earlier than 1.3 years. Early mating often results in protracted labor and death of the offspring, and in males it leads to a shortening of the fertile period.
The first heat of cats occurs after a year. She needs to be passed and mated for the second or third heat.
The intervals between estrus vary and depend on the season. Breeders have noticed that purebred cats have much fewer periods of heat throughout the year than domestic cats.
The breeding partner must be selected in advance, following the rules established by the WCF. Ideally, the cat should be the same color as the female cat. It is not recommended to mix chinchilla with tabby, blue with lilac, etc. From such unions, kittens are born with uneven color or an indeterminate iris color.
Folds are mated exclusively with straights! The cat is brought into the cat's territory on the second day of estrus. First, the couple gets acquainted, the male courtes his lady with all his might, and the female explores the territory. The success of mating largely depends on the cat. Some very impressionable “grooms” are at a loss from the “bride’s” aggression, others do not even blink in response to the evil hiss.
The couples meet in a civilized manner. For some time, it is better to keep the animals on opposite sides of the door. This way they will receive information in doses. As soon as the partners get to know each other, the barrier between them can be removed. The duration of the mating itself should not exceed three days. Pregnancy lasts 9 weeks. After mating, the female becomes very calm.
The first signs of pregnancy appear after 2-3 weeks: the nipples turn pink and swell. At week 5, the belly is rounded and weight gain is observed. You need to prepare for childbirth in advance: buy disposable diapers, scissors for cutting the umbilical cord, disinfectants. You can also schedule the birth with your veterinarian, especially if your cat is giving birth for the first time.
Interesting Facts
- Of the three kittens born from the first Fold Susie, only one continued the breed thanks to William Ross. Of the two remaining on the farm, one was castrated by the owner immediately after birth, the second was a female cat, white like her mother, named Sansa. Unfortunately, at the age of three months, she was hit by a car.
- Scottish red fold cats, unlike British ones, can give birth to both fold-eared and straight-eared heirs.
- Among white Scottish Folds there may be deaf kittens. Before purchasing, test your baby’s hearing by dropping something that rings (a bunch of keys) next to him. If he gets scared and runs away, it means he hears. If he stands still, clap your hands near his nose. Even after that you didn’t move? Then he suffers from deafness.
- The Scottish Fold's tail should not be very thick and fluffy. This was once considered a positive quality, but it was noticed that such a tail leads to thickening of the hind legs, which affects the gait of the animal. Therefore, a tail that is too thick and fluffy is considered a reason for disqualification and reduces the price of the cat.
- The ears of healthy animals can sometimes open and rise for a number of non-dangerous reasons: due to changes in weather, heat, pregnancy, stress. After some time they return to their previous position.
- These cats can watch TV. It is unknown what he understands there and how he evaluates it. But the fact is fixed - the cat sits down and starts watching all the programs with you.
- We all watched a cartoon about Carlson as children, and we remember the famous “housekeeper” Freken Bock from the second part of “Carlson is back.” She had a cat, Matilda. If you noticed, it was a Scottish breed.
How to choose a kitten
Scottish straight kittens are just as adorable as fold kittens. Before buying a baby, study the breed standard and choose a nursery with a license to breed Scots.
Healthy Scottish cats smell pleasant, have lush and shiny fur, clear expressive eyes, a soft, non-bloated belly, and clean fur under the tail.
Trouble-free kids willingly join in the game and show a keen interest in strangers. Lethargic kittens are most likely sick with something.
Observe the character of the parent couple. This will help you understand what traits the kittens will inherit.
What do the Scots get sick of?
Like most animals, Scots tend to get sick, so regular examination by a veterinarian will certainly not harm them. Diseases specific to this breed include joint pathologies. Osteochondrodysplasia is the destruction of articular cartilage, an incurable and irreversible process. At the same time, the animal is limping, its movements are stiff, and movement is difficult.
In addition to joint problems, Scots are prone to obesity, and, as a result, heart problems. Cardiomyopathy, a disease accompanied by heart failure.
If an animal is fed dry food, there is a high risk of developing urolithiasis. In addition to the listed diseases, Scots often suffer from eye and skin diseases.
In all cases, it is strictly forbidden to self-medicate. The animal must be urgently shown to a specialist who will make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
Arch-comb
For sale on the Internet you can find such a device as an arch for combing wool. This is something like a curved brush that is placed on the floor on a special stand. An animal, eager to scratch itself, begins to rub against this arch, thereby putting itself in order.
But whether your cat wants to use such a device is purely individual. To attract the animal to the unit, it is recommended to use catnip.
However, in any case, the arch is only an additional, and not the main tool when combing cats. She cannot comb it properly.
